CFA Free 101 Concepts (2024)

101 concepts level I

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Equity Investments (EI)

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Financial Reporting and Analysis

Financial Statement Analysis (FSA)

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Fixed Income (FI)

Level I

Level II

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LM01 Alternative Investment Features, Methods, and Structures

LM01 Categories, Characteristics, and Compensation Structures of Alternative Investments

LM01 Corporate Structures and Ownership

LM01 Derivative Instrument and Derivative Market Features

LM01 Derivative Instrument and Derivative Market Features

LM01 Ethics and Trust in the Investment Profession

LM01 Ethics and Trust in the Investment Profession

LM01 Fixed-Income Instrument Features

LM01 Fixed-Income Securities: Defining Elements

LM01 Introduction to Financial Statement Analysis

LM01 Introduction to Financial Statement Analysis

LM01 Market Organization & Structure

LM01 Market Organization and Structure

LM01 Organizational Forms, Corporate Issuer Features, and Ownership

LM01 Portfolio Management Overview

LM01 Portfolio Management: An Overview

LM01 Rates and Returns

LM01 The Firm & Market Structures

LM01 Topics in Demand and Supply Analysis

LM02 Alternative Investment Performance and Returns

LM02 Analyzing Income Statements

LM02 Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct

LM02 Code of Ethics and Standards of Professional Conduct Profession

LM02 Financial Reporting Standards

LM02 Fixed Income Markets - Issuance Trading and Funding

LM02 Fixed-Income Cash Flows and Types

LM02 Forward Commitment and Contingent Claim Features and Instruments

LM02 Forward Commitment and Contingent Claim Features and Instruments

LM02 Introduction to Corporate Governance and Other ESG Considerations

LM02 Investors and Other Stakeholders

LM02 Organizing, Visualizing, and Describing Data

LM02 Performance Calculation and Appraisal of Alternative Investments

LM02 Portfolio Risk & Return: Part I

LM02 Portfolio Risk and Return Part I

LM02 Security Market Indexes

LM02 Security Market Indexes

LM02 The Firm and Market Structures

LM02 Time Value of Money in Finance

LM02 Understanding Business Cycles

LM03 Aggregate Output, Prices and Economic Growth

LM03 Analyzing Balance Sheets

LM03 Business Models & Risks

LM03 Corporate Governance: Conflicts, Mechanisms, Risks, and Benefits

LM03 Derivative Benefits, Risks, and Issuer and Investor Uses

LM03 Derivative Benefits, Risks, and Issuer and Investor Uses

LM03 Fiscal Policy

LM03 Fixed-Income Issuance and Trading

LM03 Guidance for Standards I-VII

LM03 Guidance for Standards I–VII

LM03 Introduction to Fixed Income Valuation

LM03 Investments in Private Capital: Equity and Debt

LM03 Market Efficiency

LM03 Market Efficiency

LM03 Portfolio Risk & Return: Part II

LM03 Portfolio Risk and Return Part II

LM03 Private Capital, Real Estate, Infrastructure, Natural Resources, and Hedge Funds

LM03 Probability Concepts

LM03 Statistical Measures of Asset Returns

LM03 Understanding Income Statements

LM04 An Introduction to Asset-Backed Securities

LM04 Analyzing Statements of Cash Flows I

LM04 Arbitrage, Replication, and the Cost of Carry in Pricing Derivatives

LM04 Arbitrage, Replication, and the Cost of Carry in Pricing Derivatives

LM04 Basics of Portfolio Planning & Construction

LM04 Basics of Portfolio Planning and Construction

LM04 Capital Investments

LM04 Common Probability Distributions

LM04 Fixed-Income Markets for Corporate Issuers

LM04 Introduction to the Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS)

LM04 Introduction to the Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS)

LM04 Monetary Policy

LM04 Overview of Equity Securities

LM04 Overview of Equity Securities

LM04 Probability Trees and Conditional Expectations

LM04 Real Estate and Infrastructure

LM04 Understanding Balance Sheets

LM04 Understanding Business Cycles

LM04 Working Capital and Liquidity.

LM05 Analyzing Statements of Cash Flows II

LM05 Capital Investments and Capital Allocation

LM05 Company Analysis: Past and Present

LM05 Fixed-Income Markets for Government Issuers

LM05 Introduction to Geopolitics

LM05 Introduction to Industry and Company Analysis

LM05 Monetary and Fiscal Policy

LM05 Natural Resources

LM05 Portfolio Mathematics

LM05 Pricing and Valuation of Forward Contracts and for an Underlying with Varying Maturities

LM05 Pricing and Valuation of Forward Contracts.

LM05 Sampling and Estimation

LM05 The Behavioral Biases of Individuals

LM05 The Behavioral Biases of Individuals

LM05 Understanding Cash Flow Statements

LM05 Understanding Fixed-Income Risk and Return

LM05 Working Capital & Liquidity

LM06 Analysis of Inventories

LM06 Capital Structure

LM06 Cost of Capital-Foundational Topics

LM06 Equity Valuation: Concepts and Basic Tools

LM06 Financial Analysis Techniques

LM06 Fixed-Income Bond Valuation: Prices and Yields

LM06 Fundamentals of Credit Analysis

LM06 Hedge Funds

LM06 Hypothesis Testing

LM06 Industry and Competitive Analysis

LM06 International Trade

LM06 Introduction to Geopolitics

LM06 Introduction to Risk Management

LM06 Introduction to Risk Management

LM06 Pricing and Valuation of Futures Contracts

LM06 Pricing and Valuation of Futures Contracts

LM06 Simulation Methods

LM07 Analysis of Long-Term Assets

LM07 Business Models

LM07 Capital Flows and the FX Market

LM07 Capital Structure

LM07 Company Analysis: Forecasting

LM07 Estimation and Inference

LM07 International Trade and Capital Flows

LM07 Introduction to Digital Assets

LM07 Introduction to Linear Regression

LM07 Inventories

LM07 Pricing and Valuation of Interest Rate and Other Swaps

LM07 Pricing and Valuation of Interest Rates and Other Swaps

LM07 Technical Analysis

LM07 Yield and Yield Spread Measures for Fixed-Rate Bonds.

LM08 Currency Exchange Rates

LM08 Equity Valuation: Concepts and Basic Tools

LM08 Exchange Rate Calculations

LM08 Fintech in Investment Management

LM08 Hypothesis Testing

LM08 Long Lived Assets

LM08 Measures of Leverage

LM08 Pricing and Valuation of Options

LM08 Pricing and Valuation of Options

LM08 Topics in Long-Term Liabilities and Equity

LM08 Yield and Yield Spread Measures for Floating-Rate Instruments

LM09 Analysis of Income Taxes

LM09 Income Taxes

LM09 Option Replication Using Put-Call Parity

LM09 Option Replication Using Put–Call Parity

LM09 Parametric and Non-Parametric Tests of Independence

LM09 The Term Structure of Interest Rates: Spot, Par, and Forward Curves

LM10 Financial Reporting Quality

LM10 Interest Rate Risk and Return

LM10 Non-current (Long-Term) Liabilities

LM10 Simple Linear Regression

LM10 Valuing a Derivative Using a One-Period Binomial Model

LM10 Valuing a Derivative Using a One-Period Binomial Model

LM11 Financial Analysis Techniques

LM11 Financial Reporting Quality

LM11 Introduction to Big Data Techniques

LM11 Yield-Based Bond Duration Measures and Properties

LM12 Applications of Financial Statement Analysis

LM12 Introduction to Financial Statement Modeling

LM12 Yield-Based Bond Convexity and Portfolio Properties

LM13 Curve-Based and Empirical Fixed-Income Risk Measures

LM14 Credit Risk

LM15 Credit Analysis for Government Issuers

LM16 Credit Analysis for Corporate Issuers

LM17 Fixed-Income Securitization

LM18 Asset-Backed Security (ABS) Instrument and Market Features

LM19 Mortgage-Backed Security (MBS) Instrument and Market Features

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Portfolio Management

Portfolio Management (PM)

Quantitative Methods

Quantitative Methods (QM)

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CFA Free 101 Concepts (2024)

FAQs

Can you pass CFA with 65%? ›

CFA Level 1 Passing Score

The CFA Institute Board of Governors sets the MPS for each level, and that changes with each cycle of new candidates. Some years test takers will receive a 65% overall score and fail, while in other years candidates have received a 62% score and passed.

Can you pass CFA 1 by guessing? ›

If you can be 100% sure of the answers to half of the questions, and correctly guess at a 50% rate for the other half, you've just passed the exam!

Is 300 hours enough for CFA? ›

The CFA Institute conducts a survey before and after every CFA exam. According to the latest survey results, attempted by CFA candidates, on an average 322 hours of study time is required to prepare for one CFA Exam; 304 hours for CFA Level 1.

How many questions do you need to get right to pass the CFA? ›

The exam is composed of 90 questions in the first session and 90 questions in the second session. To pass this exam, aim for correctly answering at least 75% of the questions. That means you need to correctly answer at least 180(0.75) = 135 questions total, or about 68 questions in each session.

Why are CFA Level 1 pass rates so low? ›

The CFA exam pass rate is low because it is a challenging exam with three levels. The percentage of people who pass all the levels is small, especially when you consider that the passing rate for Level 1 is less than half. Let's look at the data, and discuss what you can do to increase your chances of passing.

Is it common to fail CFA Level 1? ›

Very few candidates pass all three CFA exams on their first attempt. CFA Institute estimates it takes the average successful candidate four years to complete the CFA Program. So failing one level, if not two, makes you an average candidate.

What is the hardest topic in CFA 1? ›

Hardest topics by CFA Level

Generally, our research shows that candidates' CFA Level 1 hardest topics are Financial Statement Analysis, Fixed Income, Quantitative Methods, Derivatives and Economics.

Can an average student pass the CFA? ›

The pass rate for these exams is typically around 50%; this means that half of the people who take the exams pass, and half fail. For more information on CFA pass rates, be sure to visit our latest blog on CFA Program Exam pass rates. But with the right preparation, you can pass on your first attempt.

How many people pass CFA Level 1 first try? ›

Here's what you should know about pass rates on the CFA: Average pass rates tend to fluctuate. Level 1 pass rates have hovered around 37% Level 2 pass rates have been around 45%

Does CFA level 1 expire? ›

No. Your results do not expire.

What is the quickest time to get a CFA? ›

We recommend 6 months of studying per level to minimize fail chances, which is the biggest setback you can risk. Therefore, the quickest (practical) way to a CFA charter is about 12-18 months, from starting Level 1 to finishing Level 3.

Can CFA be done by self-study? ›

However, with the right amount of dedication and discipline, it is possible to pass the exams through self-study.

Is 65 enough to pass CFA? ›

To pass CFA Level I, you probably need to target 70% in as many topics as possible... In other words, you don't have to get more than 70% in everything to pass. Some say you can get as low as 65%, or even 63%. You don't even need to get more than 51% in everything to pass.

Is passing CFA a big deal? ›

Meaning of CFA Qualifications in the Financial Industry

Although the CFA designation is not required, the study and work requirements represent a high level of expertise.

Are CFA mocks harder than exams? ›

On the CFAI mock exams, you'll see similar questions on the same topics you will encounter on test day. They'll also be the same level of difficulty as the actual exam. With that said, you can safely rely on the CFAI mock exams to reflect what you'll encounter on the actual CFA exam in terms of content.

Can you pass CFA Level 1 with 60%? ›

Passing Scores

Candidates must get a minimum passing score (MPS) of 70% on the multiple-choice questions on the CFA Level I exam, a minimum score of 65% to 70% on the multiple-choice questions on the CFA Level II exam, and a minimum passing score (MPS) of 60% on the multiple-choice questions on the CFA Level III exam.

Can you pass CFA with 50%? ›

To pass CFA Level I, you probably need to target 70% in as many topics as possible... In other words, you don't have to get more than 70% in everything to pass. Some say you can get as low as 65%, or even 63%. You don't even need to get more than 51% in everything to pass.

What percentile do you need to pass CFA? ›

There is no minimum passing score for each topic area, so CFA Institute shows a 70% line as a reference point – representing 70% of available points for that topic.

What is a passing grade on the CFA? ›

The MPS (Minimum Passing Score) is set after each exam administration to determine whether a candidate has passed or failed. The MPS is not released but is estimated to be between 60 and 70%. Candidates receive a "Pass" or "Did not Pass" result along with a breakdown of their performance by topic area.

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